Place of residence and place of registration - what are the differences?

Citizens certainly need to understand the terms found in regulations. Otherwise, a person simply does not understand what his rights and responsibilities are. A common case of confusion in deciphering concepts is the question of what differences exist between place of residence and place of registration. From this article you will learn what a place of stay and a place of residence are, what the difference is, how permanent and temporary registration differ, how to register correctly, what documents will be needed for permanent registration.

The concept of place of residence - what is a place of residence

Current Russian legislation allows citizens to move around the country as they please, however, there is a procedure according to which living outside a permanent place of residence is allowed for no more than 90 days - otherwise, they will have to contact the authorized bodies to obtain temporary registration at the place of residence.

So, a certain place in which a person is temporarily located for a period of time (less than 3 months without registration or more than 3 months with registration) is called the place of stay. This could be a hotel, a sanatorium-resort institution, a rented apartment, a recreation center, etc. Employees of enterprises such as hotels register visitors themselves, and in the case of rental housing, a person registers himself.

To inform the authorities that a person will temporarily reside in a place other than where he is registered on a permanent basis, you need to submit an application through the Main Department of Migration Affairs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the official website of the State Services or a multifunctional center. Employees of the institution will issue a certificate confirming the fact of applying for registration.

Place of residence and stay of citizens of the Russian Federation

In case of absence (loss) of the departure address sheet, the citizen reports in writing the reasons why he cannot provide it. The absence of a departure address sheet for a citizen who has been deregistered at his last place of residence is not grounds for refusal to accept and consider his application for registration at his place of residence.

In the case of registration at the place of residence on the basis of a social tenancy agreement for residential premises concluded in accordance with the housing legislation of the Russian Federation, or a certificate of state registration of the right to residential premises, a citizen has the right not to present these documents, but only indicate in the application for registration at the place of residence their requisites.

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The concept of place of residence - what is place of residence

So that citizens of the country can exercise their legal rights in the region in which they live, and also to know where a particular person lives on a permanent basis, a record of citizens is kept at their main place of residence. That is, the place of residence is the housing in which a person is constantly, most of the time. In such an apartment/house, this citizen must have permanent registration (a stamp indicating the presence of which is placed in the passport).

If a person moves to another area, he will have to be discharged from his permanent home and re-registered in the region where he is going. Permanent registration (until 1993 - registration) can be issued in residential premises such as an apartment, house, rented housing, dormitory, room, boarding school, service apartments.

What is a place of residence

The definition is given in the Rules for registration and deregistration of citizens of the Russian Federation at the place of stay and at the place of residence within the Russian Federation, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 713 of July 17, 1995 (hereinafter referred to as the Rules).

In accordance with the Rules, the address of your place of residence is the address of the facility where you live temporarily. Following the specified rules, you must register at this address 90 days from the date of arrival (clause 9). But registration of citizens at their place of residence occurs without changing their permanent registration. That is, if you are registered in one city, but are going to visit relatives in another city for several months, then you must register there no earlier than after three months of your stay. And “without checking out” from your apartment (house).

Place of residence and place of registration, actual differences

The difference between place of residence and registration is as follows:

• place of stay is housing that is used by a person for temporary stay (for the period permitted by law), and there is a list of premises for temporary residence (these are recreation centers, sanatoriums, camps, etc.);
• place of residence is a residential premises in which a person is officially registered (until 1993 - registered), where he can be found at almost any time;
• place of actual residence - apartment/house where the citizen is actually located, despite the fact that he is registered in another premises.

Place of registration and place of actual residence: key differences

Another key feature that shows the difference between the place of stay and the place of actual residence is the type of residential property. They “stay” temporarily in hotels, boarding houses, health centers and other similar institutions. A hotel cannot become a place of long-term stay, and you cannot obtain permanent registration here. But they “live” precisely in residential premises (that’s why they are called that). Here it is possible to stay for a long time and register as a permanent resident (if there are grounds).

Quite often situations arise when a citizen does not live at the address recorded in the documents. What should I do? When do you need to notify the migration authorities and is it necessary to do this at all? In this case, is registration a place of residence or a place of stay? Where and when to contact when changing address?

Place of residence and place of stay - differences between the concepts

Let's compare the definitions of the concepts of place of registration and residence and take a closer look at what the difference is:

What is place of residence

In accordance with the law, the place of registration is the place where a citizen permanently or primarily resides as an owner or under a rental (sublease) agreement, social tenancy or on other grounds provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

These are the following objects:

• House;
• apartment;
• service living quarters;
• specialized homes (dormitory, hotel-shelter, house of maneuverable fund, special home for single and elderly people, boarding home for the disabled, veterans, etc.);
• other residential premises.

In practice, the difference between place of residence and place of stay is not always obvious; sometimes these are the same objects or premises. The distinction is made according to the period of residence, documents certifying registration (stamp in the passport or certificate).

You must register at your permanent residence address within 7 days from the date of arrival. The following documents are required for this:

• identification document;
• application in the prescribed form;
• a document that, in accordance with the housing legislation of the Russian Federation, is the basis for moving into a residential premises: a lease agreement, a certificate of ownership (extract from the Unified State Register of Real Estate), an application from the owner about moving in, a court decision, etc.

The deadlines for processing documents here are the same as in the case of temporary registration. With consent to permanent registration of tenants, owners and members of their families, the situation here is as follows:

1. To register in municipal housing, you must obtain the consent of all those registered. Moreover, the submitted documents will go to a special commission, where the owner of the residential premises (for example, the city) will make a decision on the possibility of registration in this residential premises.
2. For permanent registration in owned housing, the consent of all co-owners is required. But the consent of the remaining registered persons who are not the owners is not required.

What documents will be issued/what will be processed?

1. Certificate in form No. 8 (for persons under 18 years of age).
2. A stamp in the passport confirming deregistration at the previous address of residence.
3. A stamp in the passport confirming registration at the new residence address.

Difference between permanent and temporary registration

A person obtains permanent registration in the housing where he lives permanently (the registration period is not limited), and temporary registration is needed if he stays in another place for a period exceeding 90 days.

Proof of permanent registration is a stamp on the front page of the passport, and temporary registration is an insert indicating the day of arrival and the end date of the time spent in the said premises. Permanent registration can be canceled only at the request of the tenant himself or by a court decision, and temporary registration ends automatically upon expiration of the period specified in the certificate.

Important! If the need arises, temporary registration is allowed to be extended - this is the only way to legally continue to stay in temporary housing for an additional period.

Temporary registration makes it clear to the authorized bodies that the citizen is at his actual place of residence. But permanent registration makes it possible to exercise more rights:

• to participate in the privatization of residential premises;
• to operate an apartment/house at will;
• to register a spouse, children, and relatives in the living space.

What is registration at the place of stay and registration at the place of residence?

In accordance with Art. 2 of the Law of the Russian Federation of June 25, 1993 No. 5242-I “On the right of citizens of the Russian Federation to freedom of movement, choice of place of stay and residence within the Russian Federation” a number of concepts should be taken into account:

What documents are needed to obtain permanent registration?

Important! If a person decides to cancel his permanent registration (check out) to move to a new place of residence, he will have to prepare a certificate of absence of debts for utility services.

To register at your place of permanent residence, you must prepare a minimum package of documents, including:

• application for registration in residential premises;
• citizen's passport;
• a document confirming the existence of rights to move into an apartment/house (application from the owner of the property, an extract from a court decision, a certificate of ownership, a lease agreement).

Expert opinion on the question of how to register correctly

Employees of the Main Department of Migration Affairs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs explain the procedure for registering at the place of permanent residence and temporary stay - the procedure is extremely simple, since a person can often exercise the basic rights of a citizen only if he has registration.

Currently, registration can be completed by contacting a department of the Main Department of Migration Affairs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, a multifunctional center (the MFC sometimes requires even fewer documents than the Main Department of Migration Affairs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs), or by sending an application through the State Services website (pre-registration with identification confirmation is required).

Registration is completed within 3-5 days, after which a person can pick up a stamped passport. As for temporary registration, this can be done by the owner of a rental home or an employee of a sanatorium, recreation center, hotel and other residential complexes.

Common mistakes

Error: A citizen came to another region of Russia on business and plans to stay away from his place of permanent registration for six months. He did not obtain temporary registration.

Comment: If a citizen plans to live outside the place of permanent registration for more than 90 days, he needs to contact the Main Department of Migration Affairs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and register at the place of temporary residence (actual residence).

Error: A hotel guest is going to register at his place of permanent residence at the Main Migration Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.

Comment: Employees of hotels and other places of temporary stay will independently take care of the registration of the guest.