The minimum old-age pension in 2021 has been announced: it will be increased by only 120 rubles

A citizen of any country in the world, having reached a certain age threshold, has the right to expect that the state will take care of him by providing pension benefits, which in most democratic countries has long been considered an inalienable right of every person. The size of the pension in different countries depends on many factors, including:

• Seniority.
• Average salary.
• Average pension in the country.

In addition, the retirement age for men and women depends on the state pension legislation.

Pension system of Russia

If we talk about Russia, currently, according to age, women retire at 55 years old, men at 60. However, since 2021, as a result of the pension reform, the retirement age is now 60 and 65 years, respectively.

Certain categories of citizens may be assigned the following pension:

• Due to disability.
• Due to the loss of a breadwinner.
• Based on length of service.
• For special distinction before the state.

A pension in Russia may be as follows:

• insurance;
• social;
• cumulative.

An insurance pension is awarded, as a rule, for old age, in the presence of disability or in the event of the loss of a breadwinner for any reason. Those citizens who cannot confirm their work experience, as well as members of their families, can count on a social pension.

Citizens of the Russian Federation born no earlier than 1967 have the right to open a personal account for accumulating pension contributions during their work experience. Subsequently, the size of the so-called funded pension will depend on the amount of savings.

In 2021, the following average pension amounts are established in Russia:

• Insurance - 17,536 rubles.
• Disability insurance pension - 6,044 rubles.
• Social disability pension - 5,751 rubles.
• For disabled people and war veterans - from 20,000 rubles.

Germany

The level of development of the state depends, among other things, on the attitude towards pensioners. As an example, consider the German pension system. A state with one of the most powerful economies in the world provides its citizens who have reached retirement age with all the conditions for a decent life.

The pension threshold established in the country is the same for men and women and is equal to 67 years. Despite this, citizens of the country can retire without waiting for this age: this is possible in the case when the pensioner pays from personal savings a certain amount necessary to compensate for the funds not received by the pension fund (about 0.3% of the existing savings for each unearned month).

It would be logical to assume that everything is in order with the size of the pension in Germany. The average pension is 782 euros.

It should be said that, despite the reunification of the two Germanys, which occurred after the fall of the Berlin Wall, the difference in the development of the east and west of the country still exists to this day.

Working at one of the German enterprises, a citizen of the country contributes about 20% of his earnings to the Pension Fund during his work experience. In this case, half of the contribution amount is collected directly from the employee, the second half is paid by the employer.

Every German has the opportunity to resort to the services of one of the insurance companies in order to independently determine the amount of pension payments and accumulate a pension amount.

To count on an insurance pension, a German citizen must work at one of the country's enterprises for at least 5 years. If certain conditions are met, a pension in Germany can also be accrued to foreigners.

Average pension in Belarus

The average pension of Belarusians is approaching the pensions of Russians.

According to official data, in February 2021, the average old-age pension in Belarus was 446.73 BYN. ruble , or almost $200 (see the current exchange rate Online chart of the USD BYN exchange rate for today with history since 2000).

• The number of pensioners in Belarus is 2.532 million (end 2019);
• The entire population of Belarus is 9.475 million (2019);
• The share of pensioners in the country's population is 26.72%.

USA

In the US, men retire at 67, women at 65 and receive an average of $1,503 per month. One of the features of the American pension system is the opportunity to accumulate the necessary pension amount by working in one of the country’s companies for 10 years. Many citizens manage to collect savings for two or even three pensions during their working career.

If an American wishes to retire earlier than expected, for example, at 62 years old (early retirement age in the States), then he will have to submit a corresponding request indicating the reasons that prompted him to take such a step. At the same time, the early retiree must be prepared for the fact that the pension amount will be 70% of the amount that he would receive if he retired at 67 years old, and that it will not be possible to reach 100% in the future.

Working at any enterprise, an American, as a rule, in addition to contributions to the state pension fund, has the opportunity to accumulate savings for a future pension in an additional pension fund, which is available in most large companies and corporations.

The amount of contributions to the state fund is about 15% of the salary, half of which is paid by the employee himself, and the other half by the enterprise. After reaching retirement age, about 30% of American citizens continue to work.

Great Britain

Experts believe that the UK pension system is close to perfection. As in most other countries, pensions in the kingdom can be public, private or based on length of service. Men retire at age 65, women at age 60–65. If a British pensioner continues to work after reaching this age, a pension supplement is added to the pension for each year worked.

The average UK citizen earns £159 per week.

To qualify for a basic pension, a citizen of the kingdom must work in the country for at least 10 years: each year worked increases the amount of the future pension by 4.44 pounds sterling per week. The minimum basic pension would therefore be £44.4 per week.

If a Briton has chosen to accumulate a pension amount in one of the private financial institutions, he can independently determine the amount of payments; no restrictions are set.

As a rule, employees contribute 5-8% of their earnings to such savings funds: in accordance with recent changes in legislation, now, if necessary, you can withdraw a quarter of the amount accumulated in this way without paying taxes.

Some English people take this step, for example, to improve their living conditions.

More than significant pension supplements are provided in the UK for veterans of the Second World War: depending on the military rank or the severity of the injuries received, such a pensioner can receive in Russian currency from 150 to 650 thousand rubles per month.

Of course, with such passive income, a British pensioner may well devote the autumn of his life to travel, all kinds of hobbies, and the implementation of projects for which he did not have enough time in his youth.

Average trader income

Prepare your sleigh in the summer - ensure yourself a decent retirement from a young age!

What kind of income to have after finishing your working career is up to everyone to decide for themselves. Rely on the state, but also provide it yourself. There are many ways to increase your income and invest your savings profitably. Some are content with interest on a savings or deposit account at a bank, others convert it into hard currency and store it “under the mattress.” Not the best way, because at home various bad people may encroach on your savings. The bank is already better - but the interest rate they offer does not always cover inflationary losses, and the rate in hard currency is much lower.

In some countries, banks give negative interest rates on savings accounts. Yes, yes, you heard right - it is not the bank that pays you, but you for the fact that, you see, it incurred the costs of storing your hard-earned money.

This is why trading is growing in popularity around the world. In China, every tenth person is a stock market investor, and in the USA, every second person is!

Traders receive income from investing in ETFs, mutual funds, ordinary shares and preferred shares, bonds, futures, options and other quasi-money.

In Russia, the population's involvement in the stock market does not exceed a few percent, although interest is high. Queries in Yandex, Google and other search resources “how to become a trader”, “how to make money on Forex” are in the TOP.

Traders’ profitability is determined as a percentage of the capital they manage:

• 15-20% is considered a normal result, because it is higher than passive income from placing money on a bank deposit;
• 25-30% is already a good indicator;
• 35-40% - and this is just an excellent result.

Here we will clarify that by profitability we mean an indicator over a long distance, since “it doesn’t happen every time” - in some months the profit is higher, in others it is lower, and in another period trading can go into the negative. This needs to be understood.

To work successfully in financial markets, it is important to follow several rules. First, work with reliable partners - brokers who will not run away with your money and do not hide the true amount of commission fees.

For the convenience of traders, Masterforex-V Academy has compiled a reliability rating of brokerage companies.

China

Perhaps the main feature of China's pension system is the lack of payments to agricultural workers. This situation is familiar to Soviet citizens: until the 60s of the last century, collective farmers in the USSR were not officially paid a pension; a small allowance was paid by the collective farm or state farm. Managers, civil servants and employees of industrial enterprises can count on pension payments in China.

For Chinese men, retirement age is 60 years old, for female managers - at 55 years old, for the rest of the fairer sex - at 50 years old.

In general, despite the unprecedented economic growth that China has demonstrated over the past three decades, most of the issues related to the pension provision of its citizens continue to remain unresolved. Today, it is clear to the naked eye how China’s positions in most world rankings, which reflect the general state of the economy and the size of the pensions of citizens of the Middle Kingdom, do not align.

The average pension in China today is about 370 USD.

During his working life, a Chinese worker contributes 11% of his salary to the state pension fund: 4% is collected automatically when payroll is calculated, and 7% is paid by the employer. The pension amount is about 20% of the average salary. To earn the right to receive a so-called basic pension, you must work for a state-owned enterprise for 15 years or more.

One of the explanations for such a low level of pensions in China can be considered the presence of a large number of citizens whose age has exceeded 65 years.

This situation was the result of birth restrictions that existed until recently. The Chinese nation today is recognized as aging: the number of pensioners in the country exceeds the total population in Russia. Economists say that about 40% of the country's budget is spent on pension payments.

Average pension in Kazakhstan

The highest pensions in the post-Soviet space (with the exception of Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia, members of the European Union) at the beginning of 2020 were recorded in Kazakhstan.

According to official data, in January 2021, the average pension of Kazakhs was 90,502 tenge , or $240 (see current USD KZT exchange rate).

• The number of pensioners in Kazakhstan is 2.190 million (as of September 1, 2019);
• The entire population of Kazakhstan is 18.632 million (as of January 1, 2020);
• The share of pensioners in the country's population is 11.75%.

Japan

The average Japanese pension, which today is about 1,700 USD, allows pensioners of the Land of the Rising Sun not to experience financial difficulties and feel quite comfortable. This money is quite enough for food and to pay for utilities; there is also some left over for leisure activities, which, however, at this age can be quite moderate in terms of expenses.

A Japanese can retire at the age of 65, this applies to both men and women. However, if a citizen of the country expresses a desire to retire earlier, state laws allow him to do this: you can stop active work at the age of 60, but the pension amount will decrease by 25%.

If a Japanese person continues to work after reaching retirement age, each year worked adds a certain amount to pension payments, and by the age of 70, the pension may increase by a quarter.

According to statistics, the Japanese are the longest living nation in the world. The number of citizens who have passed the century mark exceeds 60 thousand people, the average life expectancy is 84 years.

Experts believe that proper nutrition helps the Japanese achieve such years: the diet of residents of the Land of the Rising Sun is dominated by rice, soy, and seafood. In addition, upon retirement, the Japanese continue to lead an extremely active lifestyle. Japanese pensioners can be seen in any part of the world as restless tourists.

The vast majority of Japanese elderly people do the so-called morning exercises “by radio”; older Japanese people try to prefer walking to traveling by car. In addition, the country has a healthcare system recognized by many experts as the best in the world. After 60 years, every Japanese regularly undergoes medical examinations, keeping their finger on the pulse, literally and figuratively.

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Denmark

When considering the topic of pension provision for citizens in different countries of the world, it is impossible not to mention Denmark - the country with the highest pension in the world today. On average, a Danish pensioner receives 2,900 US dollars every month, and this is no joke. It can be difficult for a Russian pensioner to understand how this is possible.

The average life expectancy in Denmark today is 80 years, while Danes retire at 65–67 years of age.

The priority direction of government policy today is to create the most favorable living conditions for people of retirement age, which is why many people call Denmark a paradise for retirees. Often a pensioner in a country feels more secure than a working person.

In addition to a more than decent state pension, Danes often have savings in non-state pension funds, which can result in even higher income for a pensioner. Such a state strategy is aimed, among other things, at ensuring that pensioners remain independent and capable for as long as possible, since the maintenance of elderly people in nursing homes is carried out at the expense of public funds.

In order to provide additional support to the country's pensioners, a branch of the public organization DanAge has been created in each Danish municipality.

Average pension in Ukraine

Like many former Soviet republics, Ukraine cannot boast of high pensions.

The average pension of Ukrainians in January 2021 was 3082.98 hryvnia , or the equivalent of $124.8 (see the current exchange rate at the link Online USD UAH exchange rate chart). This is 1.76 times less than in the neighboring Russian Federation.

Average pension in Ukraine, growth dynamics (UAH):

• 776 – 2008;
• 934 – 2009;
• 1032 – 2010;
• 1,152 – 2011;
• 1,253 – 2012;
• 1,470 – 2013;
• 1,526 – 2014;
• 1,582 – 2015;
• 1,700 – 2016;
• 1,828 – 2017;
• 2,646 – 2018;
• 3,083 – January 2020.

The average pension of Ukrainians from 2008 to January 2020 in national currency increased by 3.97 times.

• The number of pensioners in Ukraine is 11.3 million (01/1/2020);
• The entire population of Ukraine is 41.902 million (01/1/2020, excluding Crimea and a number of regions in the East of the country);
• The share of pensioners in the country's population is 26.97%.

France

As in most EU countries, French pensioners retire at 65 (women) or 67 (men). The French live on average about 80 years, and the average pension in the country is about 1,300 euros.

The French pension system is part of the general social insurance system, which is recognized by experts as one of the most complex and multifaceted in the world. The downside to some of the complexity of pension rules is the ability to protect yourself from the most unexpected situations and provide for the most favorable way to receive pension payments.

In other words, a French pensioner can expect his pension to be calculated on an individual basis based on his circumstances. At the same time, not a single nuance related to the amount of pension payments will be overlooked (for example, disability received at work, working in hazardous conditions, etc.).

According to the laws of the country, an employee claiming the maximum pension must work in French enterprises for 40 years or more. Subsequently, the 25 highest paid years out of these forty will be taken into account when determining the size of the pension. In addition to the basic pension, in France there is a so-called funded pension, calculated in a special way using a special point system.

As a result, a retired Frenchman receives monthly payments in the amount of half his salary plus a certain amount from insurance savings.

If a citizen of a country has worked for, for example, 41.5 years (or 166 quarters) in his life, he can qualify for 100% pension payments. Each quarter unfinished before this deadline reduces the amount of payments by 1.25%. It should be borne in mind that if your work experience was interrupted due to unemployment or pregnancy (up to six months), then this time is counted when calculating your pension.