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The current legislation of the Russian Federation provides for support for unemployed citizens by paying benefits and providing assistance in finding new jobs. Older people have always been at risk of losing their jobs.
The increase in the retirement age has burdened employment centers with problems, since when staffing is downsized, older people are fired first. It is difficult to get a job after 45, what can we say about 60-year-old citizens. Therefore, it is important to know whether, after the liquidation of an enterprise, a pensioner can join the labor exchange and whether one should hope to receive financial support.
Is it possible or not for a pensioner to find a job through an employment center?
Every citizen of the Russian Federation has the right to receive help in finding a job, regardless of age and grounds for dismissal. Pensioners, by law, should not have their rights infringed upon, so they join the labor exchange on a general basis .
When the retirement age was increased, the authorities assured that no one would be fired or refused employment due to their advanced age. But for such statements it was necessary to descend from the heights to know that in Russia, long before the reforms, it was difficult to get a job at an enterprise even at 35 years old. Employers often require mandatory experience from young people, without thinking about where it will come from, immediately after graduating from a university or technical school.
According to Federal Law No. 173, adopted in 2001 and amended in 2021, together with Federal Law No. 166 on state pension provision and Law No. 1032 Art. 32, many points of which have lost force, but a general legislative provision remains that benefits are assigned only to citizens with the official status of “unemployed”.
Persons who receive material support from the state treasury are not recognized as such. Therefore, pensioners should not count on additional unemployment benefits to their pensions.
On the State Services portal you can see that according to law 1032-1 art. 32 clause 1 of 1991 people who receive a pension are not recognized as unemployed , and therefore cannot register with the employment center. But due to changes in laws, older citizens are registered at the labor exchange and even helped in finding employment.
It is also useful to read: Earning money on the Internet for pensioners
Military retirees
Nobody forbids military pensioners, if they left the service full of strength and health, to get a job when pension provision is not enough. When receiving government subsidies, he, just like an ordinary pensioner, will not receive benefits for layoffs at the enterprise.
Only a person who has no income at all is unemployed. But the employment center accepts former military personnel to help them find civilian work. Employees of the labor exchange help in obtaining additional education, and students are entitled to a scholarship.
After downsizing or liquidation of an enterprise
Employers fire their staff for various reasons :
- personal violation of labor discipline;
- Liquidation of company;
- staff reduction.
The Labor Code of the Russian Federation, Article 81, regulates the procedure for dismissal. The legislative act approved the selection of applicants, where retirees do not have any privileges over other employees.
People of retirement age receive on a general basis:
- salary for shifts worked;
- compensation payments for unused vacation;
- bonuses with additional payments, if any;
- severance pay equal to the average income earned at the enterprise.
There is a provision here that also applies to pensioners. The company must transfer compensation based on average monthly earnings to the employment service, and additional payments are made on this basis. Why should a dismissed employee register within 14 days? In this case, benefits from the state budget are not accrued.
Attention! In order to receive additional payments, the work book must contain Article 81 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, Part 1, Clause 2 and a record of reduction, but not dismissal on one’s own initiative.
If you quit voluntarily
A person without a job can contact the labor exchange so that inspectors can help them find employment. The appeal does not affect the reason for which the dismissal occurred at the initiative of the pensioner or in a forced manner.
Only the provision on unemployment, who can be considered unemployed in Russia, prevents citizens of this category from receiving benefits. The state will not pay a person if he is on pension support. Such security is equivalent to official income.
Package of necessary papers
To register with the employment center, a pensioner needs to provide a small package of documents.
It includes the following papers:
- passport,
- work book (original),
- education document,
- salary certificate from the previous place of work (for calculating payments).
This list can be expanded. To register a citizen, an employee of an authority sometimes requires other papers.
Watch the video. Unemployment benefit amount in 2019:
How to join the employment center
To register at the employment center, you need to come there with documents:
- passport;
- diploma of education;
- application for registration;
- certificate of salary at the last place of work for 3 months;
- work book.
It should be noted that a pensioner will not receive benefits from the state if he quit of his own free will. In the event of liquidation of an enterprise or reduction of personnel, the employer is obliged to pay compensation in the amount of average earnings, but on an individual basis.
Although this issue is controversial, management often suggests a transfer to another position or enterprise. Dismissed by agreement of the parties, paid contractual compensation. If the problem is resolved through the courts, the court takes the side of pensioners .
What does registration with the Central Bank give to a pensioner?
Any pensioner has the right to contact the employment center to register. This will give the citizen some benefits.
These include:
- assistance in searching and selecting a new job,
- the opportunity to acquire a new specialty or improve your qualifications,
- receiving average monthly earnings for 2 months after the liquidation of the organization or dismissal due to layoffs,
- receiving assistance in applying for an early pension.
What benefits does registration give to older people?
Despite the fact that a pensioner cannot count on receiving state benefits, he will receive material compensation from the employer in the form of average earnings only after registering with the employment exchange. If a citizen does not register within 2 weeks after dismissal, he will be denied payment. In addition, when a pension has not yet been formalized, lack of work, under some circumstances, gives the right to retire early.
If conscientious employees work at the exchange, they help with employment and organize other specialized education. Provide assistance in retraining. Or they will introduce you to vacancies that match the education and experience of the unemployed.
Simply being recorded is not enough for the employer to compensate for the loss of earnings. A dismissed employee must, within 3 months, get a job that will be offered to him on the stock exchange. After 3 refusals due to personal reasons, compensation will stop. If the reason for the disruption is a manager who does not want to hire the old man, the former employer will have to pay for the forced leave of the former employee.
How to apply - procedure
The procedure for receiving payments by an unemployed pre-retirement person is similar to the procedure for any unemployed person. The essence is the same, only the benefits differ. Let's look at the procedure:
- We contact the employment center to register as a job seeker (how to register with the labor exchange?). If you apply within 12 months after dismissal, the benefit will be increased, up to 12,130 rubles, if later - only 1,500 rubles.
- You need to have a package of documents with you:
- passport;
- employment history;
- certificate of income for the last 3 months from the last place of work;
- document on education, training, advanced training;
- rehabilitation card in case of disability and your inability to work.
- The employment center begins to select possible vacancies. If you have not found a job within 11 days, you will be considered unemployed. And it is from this moment that the calculation of unemployment benefits begins.
- Additionally you may need:
- SNILS;
- TIN;
- bank account details for transferring funds.
- Next, we visit the employment center 1-2 times a month to re-register and receive new vacancies.
- You may also be sent to retraining courses, and a stipend is paid throughout your studies.
During 2021, a temporary procedure for registering for unemployment and receiving benefits is in effect. You can register remotely, without leaving your home: through the “Work in Russia” and State Services portals. For those who quit and registered after March 1, 2020, increased benefits have been introduced: from April to June they will be able to receive 12,130 rubles, regardless of lost earnings. For minor children they will pay another 3,000 rubles.
Read more details about where and how you can apply for unemployment benefits, what documents are needed and what the procedure for assigning payments is in a separate article.
Retiring early from the labor exchange
In a certain period, an employee may qualify for early registration of pension benefits. This provision is implemented subject to certain conditions :
- Possession of a highly qualified or rare profession;
- dismissal due to staff reduction or liquidation of the company;
- before retirement age;
- sufficient length of service, for example, as a teacher or medical worker.
You should not apply for an early retirement pension if you quit for health reasons or at your own request. The initiator for early registration of a pension is a petition from the local employment center to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation at the actual location of the employee.
After the competent officials at the regional Pension Fund make a satisfactory decision, the person will receive a pension, he will be deregistered on the stock exchange and will stop paying unemployment benefits.
Important! If a citizen gets a job, the early pension will be canceled and will be re-appointed only when retirement age is reached.
Can a pensioner join the labor exchange?
All Russian citizens who are looking for work have the right to contact the employment center. At the same time, assistance is provided both to people looking for their first job, and to those who have lost their jobs, for example, as a result of staff reduction.
A pensioner who has been fired from work as a result of staff reduction or liquidation of an organization has the right to register with the employment center to assist him in finding employment. Retirement age itself cannot be a reason for layoffs; pensioners can only be dismissed on a general basis. But there is one important nuance.
Find out more about whether a pregnant woman can join the labor exchange here.
According to Art. 32 of the Law of the Russian Federation No. 1032-1 of April 19, 1991, benefits are accrued only to citizens who are officially assigned the status of unemployed. At the same time, in Art. 31 of this Law states that a person who receives an old-age or long-service insurance pension cannot be recognized as unemployed. It follows that the pensioner will not be able to receive unemployment benefits. A military pensioner can register at the labor exchange in the same way.
