Refugees in Germany: searching for better living conditions

Refugees in Germany are a topic discussed throughout the world. This is a complex social and political tragedy that will affect the life of Western Europe for many years to come. The extraordinary circumstances associated with the massive destruction of infrastructure and society in the Middle East lead to the fact that hundreds of thousands of people are forced to seek salvation on the other side of the continent.

Events around other points - Donbass, Syria, Libya - also served as an impetus for the mass exodus of citizens of these countries. Currently, UN statistics indicate that there are only more refugees around the world. The official number is about 60,000,000 people.

The living conditions of refugees in Germany are more than acceptable, because here persons who have received a special legal status are provided with a monthly cash allowance, social benefits, a place of residence, and registration.

Information about the country: economy, labor market, culture and lifestyle

Germany's economic potential is greater than that of other European countries. Today the country is No. 1 in terms of GDP in the EU zone and actively contributes to the development of the entire region. The secret is an effective industry structure:

• mechanical engineering (more than 30% of the state’s population is involved), other production;
• services sector;
• agriculture (German agricultural business accounts for about 1.5% of the total).

The labor market here is highly competitive. As a rule, it is divided between Germans and migrants from other countries. High salaries in almost every industry, simple bureaucratic procedures and clear tax legislation make the German market attractive from the point of view of workers.

The Germans are a diverse people. There are indigenous representatives of ancient Romanesque settlements and modern assimilated visitors. Therefore, the culture of the country is diverse and the citizens of the country treat it with respect. Official documents state that Germany is a secular state where ideology and the privileges of one religion or another are unacceptable. Citizens are equal before the law.

The German lifestyle is an example of European pragmatism. Citizens here are calm, understanding their rights and responsibilities, real opportunities and prospects. They actively participate in the political and social life of society, accept the problems of modern Germany and try to figure out how to solve them.

All these factors clearly demonstrate why millions of refugees from all over the world seek refuge in Germany.

Migration situation, statistics

It is not difficult to obtain refugee status in Germany. Moreover, almost 10 million modern citizens of Germany are the assimilated descendants of those who moved to the country as a result of the first waves of migration.

Modern statistics show that the German state is one of the most desirable for asylum seekers (social and political). Only the USA is more popular.

The country ranks first in European migration. Citizens of Poland, Lithuania, Estonia, and Latvia come here. This is mainly due to high wages.

A special situation with refugees. In recent years, mass movements of citizens of eastern countries have led to some changes in the balance in migration policy. In order to bring such a number of people to understand and comply with social norms of behavior, it will take more than one year.

Living conditions of refugees in Germany

Refugees live in this country like this:

• Anyone who has suffered violations of rights and freedoms, or persecution of a political, religious or criminal nature in their country can obtain an official residence permit.
• The procedure for obtaining an official document confirming refugee status takes several days. The application is submitted in the form of an application, a photo is attached. Sometimes for a positive result you just need to add an invitation from a German citizen.
• Even a refusal to obtain refugee status allows you to stay in the country for 30 days, and then you can repeat the application procedure.
• The average cash benefit for a family with children is 3,000 euros. For comparison, the cost of living in the country is about 800 euros, and the average salary is 6,000.

That is, even if there is no work, the average family can easily exist here for about a month, unlike the country from which they came. For comparison: in Switzerland it is difficult for even one person to live on benefits in provincial conditions.

Refugees in Germany are divided into two categories:

• political;
• spontaneous.

The first in Germany are fleeing persecution in their home country, trying to prove their position, transporting capital, wanting to obtain a residence permit, a blue card for work, or citizenship itself.

Natural refugees are groups of people who lost their property in war. For such people, migration camps are created at the border (other countries do not risk dealing with the problem of such citizens and simply act as a transit point). There is no need to pay to receive documents.

In a special camp for such people there is water, food, and electricity. The living conditions created allow people to feel safe. Doctors are regularly on duty here to prevent the spread of diseases. Sometimes a lawyer or a representative of official authorities comes to the humanitarian camp. They provide legal assistance, help prepare documents, applications and other materials.

The rights of refugees in Germany and their responsibilities are spelled out in national and international legal acts. The main thing is to comply with German legislation and not give any reason to see yourself as a threat to the safety of the residents of the state. In turn, Germany itself undertakes to take measures to resettle such people and provide them with medical and legal assistance.

According to the country's Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the following groups are distinguished by the national composition of refugees:

• Syrians;
• Macedonians;
• residents of Afghanistan;
• citizens of Pakistan and Iraq.

A smaller percentage of Ukrainians have applied for their status as a result of hostilities in the east of the country.

Social assistance in Germany

The German social security system provides support for people classified as vulnerable sections of the population. This list includes the elderly, children, refugees, and uneducated youth. The country has also thought out scenarios for helping citizens who find themselves in difficult life situations.

The most popular types of benefits among German citizens are pensions, various forms of child benefits, and financial support for youth. For Russians and immigrants from other countries of the former USSR, benefits for the unemployed and subsidies for rental housing are more relevant. By 2019, Germany had accumulated a large number of refugees who were also eligible to receive assistance.

The German social security system is based on the principle of compulsory insurance: pension, medical, and disability. The financial base of the system is insurance premiums.

When counting on social assistance in Germany, you need to remember that:

• To obtain status, the applicant must be a citizen of Germany or its legal resident permanently residing in the country;
• the application is submitted to the type of institution that is responsible for the specific type of payments (family fund, pension fund);
• When applying for benefits, you need to submit an application and a package of documents in accordance with the specifics of the situation. For example, to receive social assistance, you will have to prove that a citizen’s income is not enough to cover his expenses;
• Each payment has strict implementation deadlines. They are prescribed in the decision, which is issued following consideration of the application.

Social benefits in Germany are designed to cover the basic needs of those in need. The allocated money is enough for citizens to cover housing, food, clothing and treatment.

Social service employees operate with fixed figures, but take into account the age, life circumstances, and social status of the applicant.

Unemployment benefits in Germany

An unemployed citizen in Germany, subject to a number of conditions, receives one of two benefits options (Arbeitslosengeld, or ALG):

• ALG-I is a full unemployment benefit that is paid per family. If at least one family member has a job, then he must support the rest. In such a situation, this assistance is denied. If the decision is positive, the amount of payments is determined privately, taking into account the applicant’s previous level of income. Payments are made from a special fund, to which contributions come from working citizens. This is temporary assistance provided for a period of 6 to 24 months. Only those residents who have paid off insurance premiums for at least 12 months over the past 5 years can count on it;
• ALG-II - if by the end of the ALG-I validity period the applicant has not been able to find a job, he is transferred to this type of benefit. This assistance includes cash payments, partial repayment of housing and heating bills. The amount of the benefit corresponds to the minimum subsistence level of a non-working citizen. In some cases, it may be paid as a supplement to a small salary. The benefit is paid from the funds of local municipal authorities and employment agencies. They may regularly offer the applicant ways to earn money in order to remove him from the subsidy.

When arriving in Germany, migrants can apply for HARZ IV - a benefit for those who arrived in Germany for permanent residence. Applications are considered only from residents who have lived in the country for at least a year, worked officially, and paid insurance premiums. It is worth considering that issuing such a benefit reduces the migrant’s chances of obtaining German citizenship.

Child benefit in Germany

In Germany, much attention is paid to supporting families. Instead of lump sum payments for the birth of a child, other forms of financial assistance are provided here.

Families and pregnant women receive the following benefits:

• “child” - can be assigned to any minor registered at the place of residence in Germany. He does not have to be a citizen of Germany; his parents must legally reside in the country. If you move to Germany with your child and submit documents a few months later, you can receive payments for the entire time you are in the country. The amount of the benefit depends on the number of children in the family and is about 200 euros. The application is submitted to the family fund. Notification is also sent there when the program participant reaches the age of majority, gets married, or gets a job. In some cases, the period of receiving assistance can be extended to 25 years;
• “maternity” - paid during maternity leave, whose duration is 14 weeks. Of these, 6 weeks are before birth, and the remaining 8 weeks are after. The application is submitted to the health insurance fund 7 weeks before the expected due date. The amount of payments is set privately based on the expectant mother’s salary for the last three months.

Families with children and pregnant women can count on government support. There are usually no problems with receiving benefits, the main thing is that the parents reside in the country legally.

If the applicant has everything in order with the documents, there should be no problems with receiving the benefits provided. It is worth considering that fraud with such payments is treated strictly in Germany. For example, if you do not notify the responsible services about changes in circumstances affecting the possibility of accruing assistance, you will have to not only return the money received illegally, but also pay a fine.

Refugee Benefit

A migrant who has received refugee status - Asylberechtigte - receives the right to asylum in the country (Asylbewerber) and financial assistance. It can take different forms: cash or in-kind payments, pocket money in refugee camps, payment of actual expenses (for example, housing). In addition to this, refugees have the right to medical care and specialized care (during pregnancy, childbirth).

Features of providing social assistance to refugees in Germany:

• payments in kind - in specially organized camps, migrants are provided with services in the form of catering, accommodation, clothing, heating, and hygiene procedures. Things are given to them for permanent or temporary use. Product coupons may be issued to receive them. Children are provided with school supplies if necessary;
• Pocket money - refugees are given amounts for personal needs in accordance with their age and marital status. They range from 76 to 135 euros (for 2021). Payments are assigned only if the migrant lives in the camp;
• benefits - cash assistance paid to persons living outside the refugee camp, replacing payments in kind and pocket expenses. In 2021, the maximum amount was €354 per adult single person.

Such assistance to refugees is provided by the German government. They can also additionally count on the support of various charitable organizations. This list includes the German Red Cross, the Union of German Charitable Organizations, the Church Relief Organization, and the Non-Governmental Humanitarian Organization Help.

Housing allowance

One of the most useful benefits for foreigners and German citizens is the Wohngelg program. It involves issuing an additional payment for rent for those who have limited funds. Residents who do not receive other social assistance, large families, single mothers, and elderly people with a small pension can count on it.

Features of receiving housing allowance:

• the application is submitted to the Wohngeldbehörde office at the place of residence;
• material support can be provided both in the case of renting (Antrag auf Mietzuschuss) and when maintaining your own home (Antrag auf Lastenzuschuss);
• Before submitting a request, you should make sure that the living area per person does not exceed 40 square meters. m. or 60 sq. m. for two;
• Along with the application for benefits, you will have to submit documents on the amount of earnings and the amount spent on housing maintenance;
• The amount of payments is set privately. It depends on the composition and total income of the family, the size of the rent;
• Those already receiving social assistance are likely to be denied benefits. Also, a negative decision is made for applicants receiving more than 870 euros per month per person (families have their own indicators).

Families with limited funds can apply for an annual Wohngeld benefit - a supplement for rent.

If the benefit is denied, but the decision seems unlawful to the applicant, he can appeal it to the local administrative court.

If a positive decision is made on the application, the period for payment of benefits begins, which is one year. After its expiration, you can submit a request to extend the grace period.

Briefly about other types of benefits

Germany has the most types of social assistance compared to other European countries. Here, even homeless people are entitled to social benefits if they take proper care of their pet (about 200 euros).

Here are some more forms of financial support for residents:

• assistance to children and youth - such applications are dealt with by the Youth Affairs Office. Each case is examined separately;
• subsidies for the elderly or disabled - paid to persons who, for health reasons, cannot work (over 18 years of age) or receive a low pension. The applicant must prove that he is not able to provide himself with everything necessary. For 2021, the amount of assistance ranged from 240 to 416 euros. The benefit is paid for a year, after which the application must be resubmitted;
• financial assistance to students - provided on the basis of the Federal Law on the Promotion of Education. Students of universities, academies, vocational, secondary and evening schools can count on it. The applicant must have permanent residence in Germany and begin training before the age of 30. The amount of the benefit is set privately. Schoolchildren can apply for it on a non-refundable basis, and university students are usually required to return half the amount in small payments.

To receive any benefit in Germany, you must submit an application on the form of the institution to which it is submitted. The provision of each type of financial assistance is assigned to certain structures, so it is important to know where to turn in which case. Payment of benefits is not a mandatory option for residents of the country, so no one will accrue funds without a request.

Obtaining refugee status in Germany: methods and conditions, obtaining migration visas

You can only submit a request for a special legal provision in person. This is done directly at the state border or upon entering the territory of the country.

For example, if a person flew to Germany by air, he will not be able to immediately complete the necessary documents. The special service will accept the application of a foreign citizen and, while the application is being considered, will send him to a camp for visitors. After which he will either be notified about the further progress of the case, or will be asked to leave the country.

If a person is already on the territory of the state, then he should contact a special administrative body responsible for conducting migration policy, the city administration or the police.

Migrants from Asian countries approach the issue differently. Their key goal is to stay at the border, where during their stay in the camp they can hope to receive permits and receive financial benefits.

Conditions for obtaining permission:

• the presence of a real threat to the life, health and safety of citizens in their own country;
• man-made events that force you to leave your land;
• absence of a criminal record or suspicion of committing a crime, an administrative offense in the EU or a country linked to Germany by an international treaty;
• writing an application to the relevant migration authority.

When applying for a migration visa, a foreigner will have to prepare a number of documents and submit them directly to the migration authority. There are several categories of visa, and they are designed exclusively for the temporary stay of a migrant in the country.

How to apply for unemployment benefits in Germany?

The procedure for applying for subsidies depends on the status of the person who has lost his job and the category of payments he is counting on. If you comply with the deadlines and legal requirements, this is not difficult to do. Unemployed refugees need to obtain the appropriate status. For previously employed citizens and migrants, the algorithm is as follows:

• Register with the employment service 90 days before the planned dismissal or within 3 days after notice of dismissal. This can be done in person or online;
• On the first day after the official dismissal/downsizing, visit the nearest employment service office. Addresses and contacts can be found on the website:
• Provide documents confirming the legality of stay in Germany, the fact of termination of the employment contract, a social security card and a resume;
• Fill out an application for eligible grants. This can also be done online.

The final decision on the assignment of payments, their type, timing and amount is made by the country's employment service.

Procedure for obtaining refugee status

A foreigner wishing to obtain the necessary documents must follow the procedure established by law:

1. Inform police or border guards about your intentions to cross the state border with refugee status.
2. Stay for a designated period of time in a closed refugee camp.
3. When asked by officials to hand over identification documents.
4. Pass an interview as a mandatory part of obtaining a residence permit.

The interview is the main part of processing the refugee status document. The point is that every answer here will be carefully analyzed. The refugee's job is to tell the truth and prove that returning to their homeland is reckless and unsafe.

The procedure within the country is slightly different. Most often it concerns political refugees and those who have suffered as a result of business activities. You will have to contact the migration policy agency or administrative center with an application and documents.

Where and with what documents to apply

Work with foreigners is carried out regarding how:

• obtain refugee status in Germany;
• apply for political asylum in Germany;
• extend temporary status;
• apply for a residence permit or citizenship.

Only three government agencies carry out the procedure. The main one is the German Migration Office. It is these specialists who make the final decision regarding the forced departure of citizens of other countries, the application of benefits, support for pensioners and people with difficult financial situations.

In addition, acceptance of documents and initial legal consultation regarding the situation of a foreigner and recent changes in migration legislation are carried out by the police or local administration.

The only primary documents required are an identity card and a few photographs. The mandatory stage is an oral and written interview, in which you will have to answer a number of questions regarding your biography, life in another country, and desire to work and live in Germany.

How to pass an interview and deadlines for obtaining status

An interview is a mandatory condition if a foreigner comes to ask for refugee status. It does not matter whether the citizen is Ukrainian or Belarusian. Even the military events in Syria do not imply simplified legislative procedures or benefits.

The interview involves an oral and written part (if the person is illiterate, only oral answers are sufficient). During the survey, it is important for a foreigner to tell about:

• your biography: birth, studies, work, military service, participation in political activities;
• plans for the future in Germany;
• understanding social life and society norms;
• studying your own rights and responsibilities.

If all conditions are met, the interview is considered completed.

The processing time for an asylum application is at least three months, and sometimes more.

It is important that you can bring documents to the interview that are not officially required: diplomas, certificates, certificates, etc.

Reviews of those who have had this experience can be read on forums on the Internet.

Possible refusal: reasons, what to do

The large number of people wishing to obtain German documents sometimes leads to refusals. There are a number of legal reasons for this:

• submission of knowingly false documents;
• refusal to undergo an interview or lying during a dialogue;
• crossing the state border was illegal;
• in the homeland of a foreigner is suspected of committing a serious crime, is drafted into the army or is expected to serve a sentence;
• if there is no reason to believe that the life and health of citizens is at risk.

After refusal, the foreigner will have to leave the country. If the decision is related to submitting false information or crossing the border illegally, then it is quite possible that deportation will be applied.

Officially, the migrant is given a month to appeal the decision of the government body in court.

Registration procedure

The procedure for obtaining refugee status in Germany involves the following steps.

1. Contact the relevant German migration authority or another authorized government official.
2. During the reception, the foreigner will be asked to write an official application, his documents will be taken, he will be fingerprinted and a photograph will be taken.
3. During the examination of documents, the applicant will be in a refugee camp, from which he is prohibited from leaving until a decision is made.
4. At the final stage, the foreigner will have to undergo an interview. If successful, he will receive official refugee status, which gives the right to reside in Germany, benefits for 3 years, and the opportunity to find a job and study.

In addition to confirming the right to asylum and refusal followed by deportation, there is a third option for resolving the migrant’s case. He may be recognized as a refugee, but sent to another EU country under an agreement on the distribution of quotas. Thus, Russians or Ukrainians often end up in Poland, where the standard of living, of course, differs significantly from the conditions in Germany.

Read also: How to become a German citizen for a resident of Russia Living wage in Germany

Required documents

The package attached to the official application includes:

• internal and foreign passports;
• driver license;
• military ID (if any);
• birth certificate;
• An additional advantage will be any documents confirming knowledge of the language, qualifications of the applicant, as well as facts of persecution at home.

The application must be submitted in person. However, those asylum seekers who cannot visit the migration department for objective reasons (illness, physical inability to fly to Germany due to persecution, serving a sentence, etc.) have the right to do this through an intermediary.

Passing the interview

Some time after submitting the application and submitting biometric data, the foreigner will be invited for an interview. In addition to the applicant, the following is allowed to attend:

• lawyer;
• translator;
• psychologist;
• any medical worker (for example, if a disabled person applies).

A woman has the right to demand that the interview be conducted by an employee of the migration department of the same sex as her. The content of the conversation is subject to recording. It is prohibited to make corrections to the document. After the procedure is completed, it is presented for review and signing. The essence of the interview is that the applicant will be required to provide evidence of persecution (photos, videos, medical documents, criminal record certificates, and so on).

They will definitely be asked to describe how the applicant entered German territory. This question should be answered truthfully, as the information will definitely be verified. It is important that the applicant crosses the border by plane or by sea. If you come to Germany by land, additional questions may arise. After all, in theory, moving across borders should be difficult for a person being persecuted.

Additionally, during the interview they will clarify personal information about the candidate for political asylum and his relatives. If you successfully prove your law-abiding nature and probable usefulness for Germany, there will be no problems.

How long do you need to wait

German legislation establishes a period for reviewing documents of up to 3 months. However, the decision may be made with a significant delay, especially at the current time when Germany is overflowing with migrants. As a result, the application may take up to 1 year to be considered.

Features of obtaining refugee status for citizens of Russia and other CIS countries

The current state of affairs in eastern Ukraine and the mass exodus of Donbass residents is the only catastrophe that is mentioned by refugees when applying for documents in Germany.

Otherwise, there are cases when residents of these countries make a request for political asylum in Germany.

At the moment, the country is home to several famous personalities with this status, who at one time were on the Forbes lists both in Russia and Ukraine.

Political asylum allows you to use the fundamental rights and freedoms of a citizen and, if necessary, receive benefits and allowances. The status is considered temporary. The end occurs when the political regime or power in the fugitive’s country changes.

The practice does not apply to persons who, while engaged in political or commercial activities, have committed a criminal offense or evaded responsibility.

The issue of a political nature is regulated not only by national legislation, but also by international treaties in Germany.

For Russian citizens or persons from CIS countries, the standard procedure for obtaining a residence permit applies.

Five years in “German slavery”

Five years in “German slavery”
Five years ago, Angela Merkel opened the country’s borders to more than a million “Syrian” refugees, most of them only pretending to be Syrians fleeing the “evil Assad.”

The Germans greeted them with ostentatious cordiality with posters: “We love you.” Today, not a trace remains of that demonstrative official love.

Daily Mail columnist Sue Reid, who has studied the sad fate of the recent "Great Migration" in Germany, says that many refugees, in order to avoid deportation, tried to escape from their camps and live on the streets with homeless vagabonds. Some moved to the shores of the English Channel in order to get to the UK by any means.

An Eritrean refugee says that in the center of Hamburg he constantly ran into Germans who pointed the finger at him and sent the black stranger to hell. He did not receive permission to live in Germany, there was no work, no money. All that remained was the path to England.

Tens of thousands of migrants a year are forcibly deported from Germany. This is done extremely secretly: early in the morning the police invade the dormitories, people are handcuffed, someone’s legs are shackled, they are pushed onto buses, and after a couple of hours they find themselves back where they escaped with such difficulty. German courts have started issuing orders to evict illegal immigrants.

“I can’t live anymore in this strange country where people look away when they see an Arab migrant next to them on a bus,” refugee Saleh explained to doctors at the hospital where he was taken after a suicide attempt.

An Iranian immigrant working at a car factory in Leipzig complains that refugees are treated like cattle: “We are spoken to like two-year-old children, as if we are mentally retarded because we are not German. They deport people every day. The worst situation is for Africans, who are hired as cleaners for one euro a day. This is modern slavery. I saw how an African was deported: he resisted, they gave him an injection and simply carried him out into the street. Only Syrians are given asylum. Even though I work, I could be expelled any day. For money you can cross into Britain, it’s as easy as buying a train ticket.”

There are currently 200 thousand illegal immigrants on deportation lists from Germany who have been denied asylum. Their expulsion is supported by the majority of Germans, and it is carried out ruthlessly and methodically.

On a recent flight to Kabul from Leipzig, 45 Afghans were guarded by 70 security personnel. Some are transported in handcuffs. The police explain that the deportees are in an extremely agitated state, they bite, scratch and spit. During such flights, some accompanying persons are seriously injured.

The Germans deport all illegal immigrants, regardless of the reasons that prompted them to leave their homeland. Africans to Africa, Ukrainians to Ukraine, Chechens to Russia. A powerful organization has been created in Germany that deals with these expulsions. Frau Merkel is correcting her mistake - she turned the country into the most hated place for illegal immigrants. People who get there think only about making money as quickly as possible and getting away from peaceful burghers.

Nikolay Ivanov.

Photo: SHUTTERSTOCK/FOTODOM

Rights of refugees from Russia in Germany

If a Russian, Kazakh, or citizen of another country receives political asylum or simply refugee status in Germany, then he will be endowed with the following rights:

• obtain legal advice appropriate to your situation;
• obtain translation services;
• receive housing for temporary settlement or stay in a special camp with acceptable living conditions;
• receive primary, secondary and higher education;
• work and receive monetary compensation for the results of your work;
• freely leave the territory of the state.

Rights remain equal for migrants of all ethnic groups. Other rights may also arise if they are provided for by law. In addition to their rights, refugees have a number of responsibilities that must be respected.

Rights guaranteed by refugee status in Germany

Official refugee status in Germany practically equalizes foreign citizens with citizens of Germany itself. It provides a wide range of social assistance and guarantees the implementation of many rights throughout the country. It is not surprising that so many citizens from countries with a low standard of living and an unfavorable social situation want to leave here.

Even before a decision is made on granting asylum in the country, potential refugees have the right to:

• temporary housing;
• social benefit equal to unemployment benefit and amounting to 395 € for 2021;
• education;
• work activity.

After official assignment of refugee status, foreign citizens receive permanent rights to:

• free education in state educational institutions, including universities;
• employment and entrepreneurship;
• social benefit;
• state free health insurance.

But the main thing is the opportunity to obtain German citizenship after 8 years of residence in the country. The remaining rights of refugees make this period of stay in Germany as comfortable as possible.

German citizenship for refugees

Migrant unrest concerns the issue of obtaining citizenship. Seven years after officially receiving refugee status, you can submit a package of documents to obtain citizenship. At the same time, benefits for refugees in Germany are paid regularly.

You should obtain citizenship in order to finally legitimize your position on the territory of the Federal Republic of Germany. That's why you have to go through a special bureaucratic procedure.

List of documents for obtaining citizenship:

• identification document;
• certificate from place of work or study;
• a document confirming that there are no complaints from the police;
• marriage certificate (if the foreigner is a member of it);
• passing a medical examination (mandatory).
• personal documents.

Consideration of such an issue may take about a year. Once citizenship is obtained, refugee status is revoked.

Reasons for the deportation of migrants from Germany

Deportation of refugees from Germany is possible only if the current legislation of the country is violated.

Deportation is always a forced process, which in the modern world can only be used in special cases motivated by the decision of the relevant government bodies.

The reason that your stay in the country comes to an end may be:

• illegal crossing of the state border;
• crossing the border using false documents or through a corruption scheme;
• committing a criminal offense (criminal acts) or a serious administrative offense;
• loss of special status, and therefore the legal basis for being in the country.

The decision of the government body must be documented. The right to appeal is within 15 working days. The deportation is carried out using funds from the German budget.

Refugee status: where to start

The first step when crossing the German border is to try to submit an application. It is sent to the Auswärtiges Amt (Auswärtiges Amt) - the German Ministry of Foreign Affairs, where it is reviewed within several months. This option will be effective for those arriving from combat zones.

Trying to obtain refugee status from Russia or the CIS countries in Germany is, as a rule, pointless. You must first enter the country legally with a visa, otherwise you will be sent to a closed refugee camp until the circumstances are clarified, and then they will make a decision and, most likely, deport you.

Citizens of states that have a common border with Germany are turned back immediately.

Everything is simple here: the very fact of appearing at a checkpoint denies the existence of a ban on movement or persecution.

From more or less prosperous countries, the chance of getting to Germany as a refugee is higher for those who have officially received permission to stay in the country and then apply:

• to the Office for Migration and Refugees – BundesamtfürMigrationundFlüchtlinge (BAMF). By the way, it has a Russian-language website;
• to the Office for Foreigners - Ausländerbehörde, which deals with the processing of permits for permanent residence and citizenship;
• to the police station (the most convenient, closest).

The decision to grant refugee status is made by the BAMF, which reviews the application at the place of application. Therefore, it is better to immediately submit papers to the regional unit at your place of residence/stay. Your chances will be better if you hire an immigration lawyer.

Political refuge

To obtain political asylum in Germany, you must first enter the country legally. The asylum procedure includes the following steps:

1. Submitting a petition.
2. Preparation of materials, including photography, fingerprinting and documentation of personal data.
3. The applicant receives a letter inviting him to an audience with BAMF, based on the results of which a protocol is drawn up.
4. Getting a solution.

It should be noted that the application will not be considered if a similar application has already been filed in some other state.

Those who have received the status of a political emigrant have the right to reside in Germany for three years, and then will be able to apply for a residence permit.

In case of refusal, there are two options: either try to obtain refugee status, or leave.

Unemployed Germans: benefits and social assistance

Unemployment in the country is officially around 4-5% and, according to the relevant ministry, is declining. Statistics are a stubborn thing. Even a good benefit cannot compare with the average salary and working conditions here.

Unemployed Germans, if they wish, register with the social assistance center. Through the programs, they are matched with lucrative job offers.

Unemployment benefits range from 700 to 2000 euros. It all depends on the previous work experience, the reasons for dismissal, the social interest of the state, family composition, and the income of its other members.

Amount of benefits and social benefits

International law stipulates that anyone applying for asylum has the right to temporary housing and social assistance necessary for life.

While the case is under consideration by the department, the migrant is provided:

• housing in a refugee camp;
• Three meals a day;
• health care,
• protection of the police and authorities.

The question of how much refugees receive in Germany depends on their current status, age and family composition . The average benefit for refugees in Germany is 354 euros. For spouses living together it is less – 318 euros per person. An additional benefit is paid for children - from 214 to 276 euros per person, depending on age.

After receiving official status, refugees receive a residence permit for 3 years , social housing and the opportunity to get a job. It is provided by labor exchanges: those who register for six months are paid an unemployment benefit in the amount of about 1200-1500 euros (depending on the land). If employment does not occur during this time, payments are again reduced to a minimum of 350 euros.

Children receive the right to free education in schools and state higher educational institutions. Migrants are paid for language courses and courses on integration into society, which will help them quickly obtain citizenship. They are also entitled to the social benefits and health insurance that German citizens are entitled to.

The problem of refugee integration

Refugees from Asian countries are people who do not have much idea about the conditions of social behavior in EU countries. They begin to emphasize their national identity in every possible way and observe the Muslim way of life.

In order for a high-quality assimilation process to take place, it is necessary to give new residents of the country the basis for development. Unfortunately, this takes years, because you have to study local conditions, language, and options for developing yourself and your family. Only a small percentage are completely assimilated.

In addition to the social and financial burden, EU countries have already experienced other problems that come with emigration:

• Threat of terrorist attacks. Illegal extremist organizations send recruits under the guise of refugees. Subsequently, police failures in checking such persons lead to terrorist attacks.
• Rising crime rate. New conditions, a high degree of financial inequality, and a lack of permanent employment lead to migrants committing thefts, attacks on property, harassment and other crimes (sometimes involving violence against German women). Such circumstances lead to increased social tension in society and negative attitudes towards refugees. Protests and riots arise.

Negative factors indicate that formally the balance in this issue has been disrupted not only in Germany, but throughout Europe. The authorities will have to think through a new social and migration policy that can lead all sides of society to dialogue, understanding the situation and solving problems that arise during resettlement.

Life of pensioners in Germany: statistics and practice

Pension policy in Germany has been famous for its effectiveness for several decades. The format of mandatory contributions from wages, the high retirement qualification allows you to set a minimum payment of 1000 euros.

Retirement age in 2021:

• men retire at 65;
• women - at 60.

Absolutely all German citizens have the right to receive an old-age pension. In addition, you are allowed to use various programs, state and municipal benefits. .

The average pension reaches 4,000 euros. Thus, the standard of living of the social group is extremely high.

Main types of insurance in Germany

A significant part of the income of working residents of Germany goes to pay off insurance premiums. The system for their collection and distribution is transparent and understandable. Any person who has regularly paid his obligations has the right to receive financial assistance if he finds himself in tight financial conditions.

Main types of social insurance in Germany:

• medical - payments under this item cover the costs of consultations with doctors, diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Partial compensation for loss of income due to illness is also provided. Over time, the resident may transition to an insurance plan that will include management and treatment of age-related pathologies;
• pension - thanks to these payments, elderly residents of Germany can count on a decent standard of living after ceasing their professional activities. The pension amount can reach up to 70% of a citizen’s average monthly income, calculated on the basis of data for his entire work experience;
• for unemployment - residents of the country who regularly paid contributions from their salaries, in case of loss of work, receive material support until they find work again;
• from an accident - contributions under this article are made not by the citizens themselves, but by their employers. The resident is insured against injury at the workplace or on the way there. Payments are used to restore the victim and provide him with support until he returns to work. In case of severe consequences, the citizen is granted a pension or paid for the funeral.

The obligation to make these payments is imposed on citizens of the country, refugees, migrants, and migrants applying for permanent residence.

German courses for refugees

Most refugees master a basic level of German within the first months of their stay in the country. There are no free government courses provided here. Paid services are provided by various private educational institutions or tutors.

Most often, refugees learn a new language through everyday communication with representatives of the diaspora. They also create specialized schools for adaptation, provide jobs and social assistance.

Learning a language is a prerequisite for renewing special status, obtaining a residence permit or citizenship.

Official border closure

Refugees are not always able to obtain the desired access to Germany or France, where they are actively heading. The fact is that even a transit stay in other countries, such as Turkey, Poland, Belgium or Slovakia, significantly affects the economic situation of these countries. Additional costs for the construction of special living areas, social benefits, and salaries of refugee specialists are not provided for here.

Closed borders are what drive people back to probable death in war-torn cities. In an area where control is not always in the hands of government troops.

Thus, Germany is a desirable state for refugees because of its high financial benefits, standard of living and the provided bureaucratic procedure for obtaining permits for residence.